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John Gilchrist (linguist)
John Borthwick Gilchrist FRSE (22 June 1759 – 9 January 1841) was a Scottish surgeon, an Indigo farmer, and an Indologist. He compiled and authored ''An English-Hindustani Dictionary'', ''A Grammar of the Hindoostanee Language'', ''The Oriental Linguist'', and many more. His lexicon of Hindustani was published in Arabic script, Nāgarī script, and also in Roman transliteration.
==Early life==
Gilchrist was born in Edinburgh to merchant Walter Gilchrist, who disappeared the year he was born. After graduation from George Heriot's Hospital, a school for orphans, and the High School (1773), he obtained employment first as a surgeon's mate in the Royal Navy, then, in 1783, as an assistant surgeon in the East India Company's Medical Service. He landed at Bombay in 1782, then travelled overland with the Company's army troops and was rewarded with a position in General Goddard's detachment. As claimed by Gilchrist after sixteen years later, he decided to learn Hindustani(Hindi/Urdu) to communicate with the Indian soldiers or sepoys.
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